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  • 香港繁华背后的力量

    2007-07-04

    [2007.06.28] Richer than all his tribe

    Special report

    Hong Kong
    Richer than all his tribe

    Jun 28th 2007
    From The Economist print edition

    The workshop to Hong Kong's front office
    香港繁华背后的力量




    ONE fear about Hong Kong's future is that the rise of Shanghai might condemn it to becoming the financial hub for “just” the Pearl River Delta (PRD), as Shanghai deals with the booming Yangzi delta region. The worries are premature, such is Hong Kong's lead over Shanghai. But even if they were realised, such a fate might not be the end of Hong Kong.

    对于香港的未来，有人表示担忧，上海逐渐崛起，香港不得不降身仅仅成为珠江三角洲的金融中心，而在发展迅猛的长三角地区，上海逐渐成为经济中心。这种担忧言之过早，即使担忧真变成现实，香港也不会就此萎靡不振。

    The PRD is, with the Yangzi delta and the Bohai rim around Beijing and Tianjin in northern China, one of the three most important economic regions of China. The “PRD Economic Zone”, first officially defined in China in 1984, includes the “special economic zones” of Shenzhen, next to Hong Kong, and Zhuhai, bordering Macau, and the neighbouring parts of Guangdong province.

    珠江三角洲，长江三角洲和北京、天津周边的环渤海地区是中国三大最重要的经济发展区。起初在1984年，珠江经济区、毗邻香港和澳门的深圳、珠海经济特区以及广东周边地区，并不被看好。

    According to a study in 2005 by Michael Enright, Edith Scott and Ka-mun Chang, if the area, including Hong Kong and Macau, were a separate country, it would be the world's 18th-largest economy and its 11th-biggest exporter, ahead of South Korea and India. It has a population of about 65m and the mainland part of it has enjoyed an astonishing average annual rate of economic growth of around 17% for the past quarter-century. Hong Kong firms employ more than 11m people in the region and have provided some two-thirds of the foreign direct investment there. The mainland part of the region has attracted about 22% of all the FDI that has gone into China and accounts for about one-third of its exports and imports. Two-thirds of the world's toys, 45% of its wristwatches and one-third of its consumer electronics, garments and footwear are made there.

    Michael Enright, Edith Scott和Ka-mun Chang于2005年的调查研究显示，若将该区域（包括香港和澳门）视为一个独立的国家，其经济实力和出口量将分别位居世界第十八和第十一，超过韩国和 印度。这里人口6500万，其中位于大陆的地区在过去25年间，年平均经济增长率达到17%，令人惊叹。香港公司在该区雇员已超过1100万，并为此地引 进大量外商直接投资，达到这一区域直接投资总额的2/3。该地区的海外直接投资及进出口值分别占到大陆总量的22%和1/3。全球玩具总量的2/3、手表 总量的45%以及消费电子产品、服装和鞋类的1/3都产于此地。

    No other country in the world has industrialised as rapidly as China; and within China no region has matched the sustained growth of the PRD. To the outside observer it looks hideous: a proliferation of ugly building sites, cramped factories, poisoned waters and filthy smokestacks. Yet there are signs that the region is ready to move upmarket.

    论及工业化进程之快，没有国家能与中国相提并论。而在中国，没有一个地区能与珠江三角洲相媲美。但在其他地区看来，这里的似乎并不美好，甚至令人生厌：丑陋的建筑、拥挤的厂房随处可见，空气水质受到严重污染。不过，许多迹象表明，这一地区正逐步摆脱现状，走向高端。

    Air pollution is now causing a growing clamour and land turns out to have a myriad valuable uses. Wages have gone up, so the number of sweatshops has gone down. K.C. Kwok, the Hong Kong government's economist, says some local governments in the Pearl River Delta are establishing links with officials in Vietnam and Bangladesh to refer potential investors on to them. There is also a “Pan-PRD initiative”, covering the nine southern provinces of China, to help spread development from the congested coast to the poorer inland regions. This, says the Hong Kong government, will position Hong Kong as the hub of a region of 474m people, with a GDP much the same as that of the ten members of the Association of South-East Asian Nations combined. Eat your heart out, Lee Kuan Yew.

    空气污染引起越来越多的关注，对于土地使用也越来越多样化。由于工资上涨，条件差、工资低的小企业纷纷倒闭。香港官方经济学家K.C Kwok表示，珠三角地区许多地方政府都与越南和孟加拉国官员积极接洽，建立合作，促成投资。涵盖中国南部九个省区的“泛珠三角区域合作计划”将积极推进 沿海地区的良好趋势向内地延伸，促进相对贫穷的内陆地区的发展，同时缓解沿海地区发展过于集中拥挤的局面。香港政府表示，这一举措将提升香港经济地位，使 其成为这个拥有4.74亿人口，经济发展速度相当于东盟十成员国总和的地区的经济中心。这样一来，新加坡只能一旁黯然伤神了。

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