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  • 中国的环境保护：不要喝水，也不要呼吸

    2008-02-01

    [2008-01-26]Environmental protection in China中国的环境保护

    Environmental protection in China
    中国的环境保护

    Don't drink the water and don't breathe the air
    不要喝水，也不要呼吸
    Jan 24th 2008 | BEIJING
    From The Economist print edition

    And don't expect the government's environmental watchdog to do much about it
    不要对政府环保局在环境保护上做更多的奢望

    THESE days China's environmental bureaucrats know how to talk the talk. They readily admit that pollution is poisoning the country's water resources, air and soil. They acknowledge that carbon emissions are soaring. If only, they lament, the government would give them the means to do something
    about it.
    如今，中国的环境管理主义者知道怎么谈论环保话题。他们欣然承认：污染正在毒害国家的水资源、空气和土壤。他们承认二氧化碳排放正在高速增长。但愿，他们悔恨，政府会愿意让他们作一些事情。

    For all its green promises in recent years, the Communist Party has done little to build a bureaucracy with the clout to enforce environmental edicts and monitor pollution effectively. As long as they deliver economic growth without too much public protest, officials can still expect promotion, however polluted
    their areas.
    尽管近年来中国提出绿色承诺，但是在建立一个机构去有效执行环保法令和污染监测上共产党几乎没有任何动作。只要他们报告经济增长，而且没有太多的群众抗议，官方仍旧希望发展经济，无论如何污染他们的环境。

    Optimists see changes afoot. The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), the government's largely toothless watchdog, could soon be renamed and upgraded to a ministry. Some observers expect the rubber-stamp legislature, the National People's Congress, to endorse the change at its annual session in March.
    乐观主义者们注意到变化已在进行中。中国政府的无实权的环保机关，国家环保局可能很快会被升级为部级单位。观察家预期全国人大在每年3月都举行的人大会议上会认可这个变动。

    In an article last year two scholars argued that if SEPA were a ministry it might hold its own better in bureaucratic turf wars in which it is at present “marginalised”. SEPA's weakness was evident last year during one of the country's biggest recent environmental disasters, the choking of the country's thirdlargest
    freshwater lake, Taihu, by toxic algae. The contaminants included emissions from small factories and crab farms along the shore. SEPA officials say they could do little: the crab farms fall under the Ministry of Agriculture, waste-water treatment plants under local governments and the lake itself under the Ministry of Water Resources.
    在去年的一篇文章里，两个学者认为如果国家环保局是一个部级单位，在这场官僚政治的权力斗争中，它也许会拥有一个比现在被边缘化地位更好的处境。去年爆发的一次全国最大的环境灾难——中国第三大的淡水湖太湖被有毒的藻类覆盖，证明了国家环保局的软弱。

    SEPA is so weak that its officials admit it has little grasp of the impact of agriculture on water and soil
    pollution. The Ministry of Agriculture has discouraged it from gathering data even though, as one SEPA
    official sees it, Chinese agriculture pollutes as much as its industries. The country's first national census
    of pollution sources is due to begin in February. The ministry is taking part in the two-month effort.
    国家环保局是如此弱小，以至于它的官员承认无法掌握水和土壤污染对农业的打击。农业部阻止了国家环保局去收集数据，即使国家环保局注意到了中国的农业污染和它的工业污染一样严重。中国的第一份环境污染源调查开始于二月。农业部参与了这两个月的工作。

    But, famously secretive and protective of its bureaucratic territory, it is likely to drag its feet. Health officials
    would sympathise with SEPA. Their efforts to persuade the agriculture ministry to co-operate over livestock-related threats to public health, such as bird flu, have encountered stubborn resistance. And health already has a full-fledged ministry.
    但是，基于官僚政治的隐密性和保护，它可能遇到很多阻碍。 中国卫生部的官员和国家环保局的关于有相同的感受。他们劝说农业部合作结束如禽流感一类与家畜有关的公共健康的隐患的努力遭到了顽固的抵抗。而且卫生部已经是一个真正的部级机关了。

    To impress its bureaucratic rivals, SEPA also needs a bigger budget. Officials have said that between  2006 and 2010 China will spend 1.3 trillion yuan ($180 billion) on environmental protection, an increase of more than 85% over the previous five years. But much of this is expected to be given to other
    agencies (the State Forestry Administration, for example, deals with stemming the spread of deserts) or
    to the local environmental-protection bureaus, which, being answerable to local governments, are
    crippled by conflicts of interest.
    比起他的令人印像深刻的官僚机构竞争对手，国家环保局需要更多的财政预算。官方宣告在06年到10年间，国家将花费1.3万亿元人民币用于环境保护，这个 数字比过去五年的总数还多了85％以上。但是这些钱中的大部分预期将被交给其它部门（国家森林保护局，用于植树造林阻止沙漠化），或者交给向地方政府负责 的地方环保局，而地方环保局由于利益冲突往往是无所作为的。

    Little of the money, complains a SEPA official, is used to curb pollution. SEPA itself is so strapped that to
    finance one of its recent high-profile projects, an effort to calculate a measure of “green GDP” (GDP
    minus the cost of environmental damage), it begged for money from companies. The government, says
    an official, gave nothing. After three years of effort, including struggles with a highly sceptical National
    Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the project was abandoned last year. It did publish one figure: environmental
    damage in 2004 cost 3.05% of that year's GDP. Last July the head of the NBS said the government had
    stopped using the term “green GDP” because it was not internationally accepted.
    一位环保局的官员抱怨道：就那么一点点钱用于抑制污染。国家环保局是如此拮据以至于不得不为其近期一个项目四处筹集资金，这个项目是计算一个绿色GDP的 方法（GDP减去环境破坏成本）。国家环保局不得不想企业企求资金。一位官员说，政府一分钱也没给。经过三年的努力，包括和国家统计局的斗争，这个项目在 去年被抛弃。最终公布了一个数据：2004年环境破坏成本价值为04年GDP的3.05％。去年7月统计局负责人表示政府已经停止使用绿色GDP这一术 语，因为他没有得到国际公认。

    A shortage of money has similarly hobbled SEPA's latest efforts to encourage greener corporate behaviour. These include last year's “green credit” policy whereby state-owned banks are supposed to
    suspend lending to egregious polluters (SEPA circulated a list of 30 such companies in July). There is also
    a “green trade ” initiative, announced last October, that threatens polluting companies with suspension of
    their exports. Also being considered are environmental requirements for companies planning to list their
    shares publicly, and a tax on polluters. Resistance from local governments and powerful state-owned companies will make it hard to implement such measures. What it lacks in resources SEPA tries valiantly to regain by appealing to public sentiment. Its deputy director, Pan Yue, is an outspoken green campaigner who happens to be a son-in-law of a famous former general, Liu Huaqing (such connections can be a big help in Chinese politics).
    资金的短缺同样地使国家环保局鼓励绿色环保组织行动的努力步履维艰。这些包括去年的国有银行应该暂停贷款给那些重污染企业（国家环保局在7月散播了一张包 含30个这样公司的名单）的绿色贷款政策。以及在去年11月份被宣布的绿色贸易倡议，它提出暂停那些污染企业的出口权。被考虑到的还有列出各个公司的环境 需求计划列出他们的份额，以及征收污染税。来自于地方政府和强力的大型国有企业的反抗将使这些方法难以实行。通过求助于公众情感，国家环保局英勇的尝试着 重新得到它所缺少的资源。国家环保局的主管潘岳是一个坦率直言的绿色卫士，他是前著名将军刘华清的女婿（在中国政治，这样的联系对他来说是一个很大的好 处）

    Last year officials reportedly asked the World Bank to remove estimates of pollution-related deaths in
    China from a report published jointly with SEPA. But SEPA's website still shows a little-reported speech
    by Mr Pan in 2006 in which he said cancer experts believed that 70% of China's more than 2m annual
    deaths from the disease were pollution-related. The World Bank had been planning to blame pollution for
    just 750,000 deaths from various causes. Chinese officials were worried that the World Bank's figures would cause unrest. But environmental awareness—and anger—is mounting anyway. Of complaints submitted to government departments, 13% relate to pollution, up from fewer than 6% three years ago. And SEPA officials say pollution-related disturbances are also becoming more common—51,000 in 2005 and more than 60,000 in 2006. Such protests are more likely than SEPA's efforts to goad reluctant officials into action.
    据传闻，去年中国官方要求世界银行从一个和中国国家环保局联合发布的报告里有关在中国与污染有关的死亡的估计。但是国家环保局的网站上仍然展示了一篇潘岳 的短篇演讲，在演讲里，他说道癌症专家认为中国每年由于疾病死去的人有70％跟环境污染有关。世界银行曾经计划公布污染应对由于各种原因的75万死亡负 责。中国官方担心世界银行的数据将导致社会动荡。但是，环保意识和愤怒正在增长。提交给政府部门的投诉中，13％是关于污染的，3年前还不到这个比例 6％。一位国家环保局表示环境污染相关的骚乱变得越来普遍，05年51000起，06年超过60000起。比起国家环保局的努力，这样的抗议更可能驱策官 方采取行动。

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    发表于08:15 | 编辑 | 继续话题 | 转发 | 分享　0

    评论

  • 经济的落后必然导致环境的恶劣
    高压清洗机 | 发表于2008-08-02 20:12:04 [回复]
  • SEPA is so weak that its officials admit it has little grasp of the impact of agriculture on water and soil
    pollution.
    国家环保局是如此弱小，以至于它的官员承认无法掌握水和土壤污染对农业的打击。

    ----------------------------
    这个是不是说反了，应该是农业对水和土壤的污染
    7 | 发表于2008-02-17 14:33:05 [回复]
  • If only, they lament, the government would give them the means to do something about it.
    但愿，他们悔恨，政府会愿意让他们作一些事情。
    -----------------------------
    是不是应该这样翻：只要他们一嚷嚷，政府就会给钱让他们去做事。
    7 | 发表于2008-02-17 14:31:25 [回复]
  • 自己翻译的吗?
    真牛!
    涯临江住 | 发表于2008-02-15 17:33:18 [回复]
  • 论坛怎么上不去了？博客也有半个月不更新了，ecocn怎么了？
    kenichi | 发表于2008-02-12 21:04:16 [回复]
  • 你好。我是 美伢 . 新年快乐

    我是刚开的blogbus
    若不嫌弃 请与我互连

    不论可行与否 都很高兴认识你
    有机会会常常来看看你的 。
    美伢 . | 发表于2008-02-12 02:02:49 [回复]
  • promotion在这里不是这个意思吧。很多句子不够通顺。
    fisher | 发表于2008-02-10 22:17:40 [回复]
  • 站主：

    您好！ 我是英语博客网 的博主，现在我更换了域名，能否

    交换链接？博客 名称是：英语博客网，新域名是：

    http://www.52enblog.com 新的LOGO在

    http://ghb.blogbus.com/logs/1481179.html选择一个。

    谢谢！
    英语博客网 | 发表于2008-02-02 21:29:34 [回复]
  • 還有很多翻譯的表達不夠準確的
    isaac | 发表于2008-02-01 14:41:12 [回复]
  • 很多文字有*** 的脑残
    isaac | 发表于2008-02-01 13:31:14 [回复]